Synthetic Biology - Pathways - Isoprenoids

From Keaslingwiki

Isoprenoids (or terpenes) are among the most diverse group of compounds synthesized by biological systems. The most universal and abundant isoprenoids function as essential cell components such as sterols, photosynthetic pigments and hormones. However, the majority of isoprenoids are more specialized and unique secondary metabolites with functions such as defense and communication.

Considering that isoprenoids are highly diverse, it is remarkable that they are all derived from the same univeral building blocks that are found in most organisms. A major focus of our lab has been in engineering microorganisms such as Eschericia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae for high-level production of these isoprenoid building blocks.

Another focus of our research is on certain isoprenoids which are produced as secondary metabolites, particularly in plants. A significant number of isoprenoids, which are usually plant-species-specific, have turned out to have important medical and agricultural applications. Examples include the anti-cancer drug taxol, the anti-malarial compound Artemisinin, and the promising HIV therapeutic Prostratin.

Above: examples of natural isoprenoid sources: lemon (limonene), pine (pinene), and Artemisia annua (artemisinin)